Pittashay Ki Pathri Ka Ilaj Bathinda | Dr. Raman Garg

Q: Pittashay ki pathri ke kya lakshan hote hain?

Pittashay ki pathri ke mukhya lakshan hain: pet ke upar daaye taraf achanak tez dard (khaas taur par fatty khana khane ke baad), dard jo daaye kaandhe ya peeth tak jaaye, ulti aur jee machlana, bukhaar (agar infection ho), aankhon aur chamdi ka peela hona (jaundice agar bile duct block ho).

Q: Kya pittashay ki pathri dawai se theek ho sakti hai?

Nahi — dawai se pathri permanently khatam nahi hoti. Kuch patients mein UDCA naam ki dawai se cholesterol pathri thodi chhoti ho sakti hai lekin yeh kaafi samay leta hai aur band hone par pathri wapas aa jaati hai. Laparoscopic operation (cholecystectomy) hi permanent aur safe ilaj hai.

Q: Laparoscopic pittashay operation mein kitne cheed lagte hain?

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy mein 4 chhote cheed (5-10mm each) lagte hain. Ek camera (laparoscope) aur special instruments se pittashay ko pathri samet safely nikaal liya jaata hai. Bada cheer-a nahi hota, dard kam hota hai, aur same day ya next day ghar ja sakte hain.

Q: Pittashay nikalne ke baad kya khaana chahiye?

Operation ke 1-2 hafte baad zyaadatar patients normal khana kha sakte hain. Pehle kuch dino mein halka khana — dal chawal, roti sabzi, soup. Tali hui, greasy cheezein dhire dhire shuru karein. 10-15% patients ko kuch hafte tak thoda loose stool hota hai jo apne aap theek ho jaata hai.

Pittashay Ki Pathri (Gallstones) Kya Hai?

Pittashay (gallbladder) ek chhota thaili jaisa ang hai jo liver ke neeche hota hai. Yeh bile (pitt) ko store karta hai jo khane ki hazi (digestion) mein madad karta hai. Jab bile mein cholesterol ya bilirubin ki matra zyaada ho jaati hai toh pathri (stones) ban jaati hain. Punjab mein pittashay ki pathri ek aam bimari hai — khaas taur par mahilaon, motaapa rakhne walon aur 40 saal se upar ki umar mein.

Dr. Raman Garg ne Bathinda mein 300 se zyaada laparoscopic cholecystectomy (pittashay ki pathri operation) safaltapoorvak ki hain. Bombay Gastro & Cancer Institute mein modern laparoscopic technology aur anaesthesia facilities maujood hain jo operation ko puri tarah safe banati hain. Zyaadatar mareezon ko same day ya agley din ghar bheja jaata hai.

Pittashay Ki Pathri Ke Lakshan

Aam Lakshan

Pet ke upar daaye taraf dard
Khana khane ke baad dard
Daaye kaandhe ya peeth mein dard
Jee machlana aur ulti
Fatty khana khane ke baad takleef
Pet bhari hone ka ehsaas

Emergency Ke Lakshan — Turant Jayein

Tez dard jo 6 ghante se zyaada ho
Bukhaar aur kaampna (rog-ghriti)
Aankhein ya chamdi peeli hona (jaundice)
Gadha peela urine
Peeth mein (pancreas) tez dard

Pathri Kyun Banti Hai? (Risk Factors)

"4 F" rule — in logon mein risk zyaada:

Female — Mahilaon mein mardono se 2-3 baar zyaada
Fat (Mota) — BMI 25 se zyaada hone par risk badhta hai
Forty (40+) — 40 saal se upar ki umar mein zyaada common
Fertile (Garbhwati) — Pregnancy mein hormones ki wajah se risk badhta hai

Aur bhi: diabetes, tezi se wazn kam karna, low-fibre diet, family history mein pathri hona.

Diagnosis Kaise Hoti Hai?

Ultrasound Pet (Abdomen) — sabse reliable, 95%+ accuracy, bina radiation ke
Blood Tests (LFT) — liver function tests — dekhte hain ki bile duct block toh nahi
CBC (Khoon ka test) — WBC badhna infection ka sign
MRCP — MRI se bile ducts ki imaging — common bile duct mein pathri ke liye
ERCP — Agar CBD mein pathri ho toh endoscopy se nikali jaati hai

Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy — Operation Ka Tareeqa

NPO (Khaana Band)

Operation se ek raat pehle se kuch nahi khaana. Blood test, ECG aur anaesthesia check hogi.

General Anaesthesia

Mareedh ko general anaesthesia diya jaata hai. Poora operation mein koi dard nahi hota.

4 Chhote Cheed

Naaf mein 10mm, aur teen jagah 5mm ke chhote cheed liye jaate hain.

Camera aur Instruments

Camera (laparoscope) naaf ke cheed se andar daal kar TV monitor par dekhte hain. Special instruments se pittashay alag kiya jaata hai.

Pittashay Nikalna

Pathri samet poori pittashay ek bag mein bhar kar naaf ke cheed se bahar nikaal li jaati hai.

Cheed Band Karein

Tiny incisions ko absorbable sutures se band kiya jaata hai. Tika nikalna nahi padta.

Same Day Ghar

Zyaadatar mareedh same day evening ya agley din subah ghar ja sakte hain. Liquid diet shuru hoti hai.

Operation Ke Baad Ki Daikhhbhal

1-2 din — Liquid diet, halka phalna; thoda chal phirna shuru
3-7 din — Halka khaana (dal, roti, sabzi); dard ki dawai
1-2 hafte — Office/halka kaam shuru kar sakte hain
3-4 hafte — Koi bhi kaam, exercise shuru
Diet — Fatty khana dheere dheere shuru karein; zyaada paani peeyein

Aksar Pooche Jaane Wale Sawaal (FAQs)

Pittashay ki pathri ke kya lakshan hote hain?

Pet ke upar daaye taraf achanak tez dard (khaas taur par fatty khana khane ke baad), dard jo daaye kaandhe ya peeth tak jaaye, ulti aur jee machlana, bukhaar (agar infection ho), aankhon aur chamdi ka peela hona (jaundice agar bile duct block ho).

Kya pittashay ki pathri dawai se theek ho sakti hai?

Nahi — dawai se pathri permanently khatam nahi hoti. UDCA se thodi chhoti ho sakti hai lekin wapas aa jaati hai. Laparoscopic operation (cholecystectomy) hi permanent aur safe ilaj hai.

Laparoscopic pittashay operation mein kitne cheed lagte hain?

4 chhote cheed (5-10mm each) lagte hain. Camera aur special instruments se pittashay ko pathri samet safely nikaal liya jaata hai. Same day ya next day ghar ja sakte hain.

Pittashay nikalne ke baad kya khaana chahiye?

1-2 hafte baad normal khana. Pehle halka khana — dal roti, soup. Tali hui cheezein dheere dheere shuru karein. 10-15% patients ko kuch hafte loose stool hota hai jo apne aap theek ho jaata hai.

Dr. Raman Garg

Pittashay Ki Pathri Ka Ilaj — Bathinda